Post by Shifu Tolson on Jan 24, 2016 15:41:05 GMT -5
Facts about Head Injuries
In the United States traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death for persons under age 45. TBI occurs every 15 seconds…The leading causes of TBI are motor vehicle accidents, falls, and sports injuries.
The brain is vulnerable to traumatic damage in two ways. The cerebral cortex can become bruised - contused - when the head strikes a hard object (or a hard objects strikes the head). Or, the deep white matter can suffer diffuse axonal injury when the head is whiplashed without hitting a hard object (or being hit by one). In serious whiplash injuries, the axons are stretched so much that they are damaged.
Cerebral contusions tend to occur at the tips of the frontal and temporal lobes where they bang up against the interior of the skull. Diffuse axonal injury occurs more toward the center of the brain where axons are subjected to maximal stretching.
www.livestrong.com/article/19029-blunt-head-trauma-effects/
Definition of Terms Relation to Head Injuries
Concussion: A concussion is a sudden trauma-induced alteration of the alert state. The person may be unable to concentrate or be confused for a few seconds, or completely lose consciousness and fall down.
Subdural hematoma: Bleeding into the space between the dura (the brain cover) and the brain itself. This space is called the subdural space. If the hematoma puts increased pressure on the brain, neurological abnormalities including slurred speech, impaired gait, and dizziness may result and progress to coma and even death.
Concussive Force: Concussive force as it relates to head trauma refers to an injury to the brain through a strike to the head that does not result in a skull fracture. Concussive force can occur due to blunt force trauma, whiplash, or shaking.
Here is a simple analogy: Take an uncooked egg and smash it with a hammer. That is blunt force trauma that cracks the shell and mashes the yoke. Now take an egg and shake it violently. The shell may be undamaged while the inner yoke is damaged. The latter represents concussive force.
Facts about the Human Skull
The thickness of the human skull is approximately 3/16 - 5/16”.
"...an impact on a small area of a curved surface, such as the head, will cause greater damage than would be caused were that same impact to occur on a flat surface, such as the back, since there will be a more concentrated point of impact on the head."
emedicine.medscape.com/article/1680107-overview
The skull is made up of 23 bones. The weakest bone is the pterion located in the temporal fossa. The forehead is the strongest bone of the cranium.
The skull fractures at about 1,400 pounds per square inch, roughly the same as a coconut.
beta2.tbo.com/entertainment/television/2009/mar/20/na-sport-science-skull-breaks-like-a-coconut-ar-107074/
Statistics concerning Deaths from Head Trauma
Journal of Combative Sport
From 1890 to 2007 1,335 deaths occurred world-wide in a boxing type format:
14 Toughman style fighters
126 training deaths
293 amateur boxers
923 professional boxers
From 1960 to 2007 there were 421 boxing-related deaths. 80% of the deaths were attributed to head, brain or neck injuries.
The force of a professional boxer's fist is equivalent to being hit with a 13 pound bowling ball traveling 20 miles per hour, about 52 g's
In the United States traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death for persons under age 45. TBI occurs every 15 seconds…The leading causes of TBI are motor vehicle accidents, falls, and sports injuries.
The brain is vulnerable to traumatic damage in two ways. The cerebral cortex can become bruised - contused - when the head strikes a hard object (or a hard objects strikes the head). Or, the deep white matter can suffer diffuse axonal injury when the head is whiplashed without hitting a hard object (or being hit by one). In serious whiplash injuries, the axons are stretched so much that they are damaged.
Cerebral contusions tend to occur at the tips of the frontal and temporal lobes where they bang up against the interior of the skull. Diffuse axonal injury occurs more toward the center of the brain where axons are subjected to maximal stretching.
www.livestrong.com/article/19029-blunt-head-trauma-effects/
Definition of Terms Relation to Head Injuries
Concussion: A concussion is a sudden trauma-induced alteration of the alert state. The person may be unable to concentrate or be confused for a few seconds, or completely lose consciousness and fall down.
Subdural hematoma: Bleeding into the space between the dura (the brain cover) and the brain itself. This space is called the subdural space. If the hematoma puts increased pressure on the brain, neurological abnormalities including slurred speech, impaired gait, and dizziness may result and progress to coma and even death.
Concussive Force: Concussive force as it relates to head trauma refers to an injury to the brain through a strike to the head that does not result in a skull fracture. Concussive force can occur due to blunt force trauma, whiplash, or shaking.
Here is a simple analogy: Take an uncooked egg and smash it with a hammer. That is blunt force trauma that cracks the shell and mashes the yoke. Now take an egg and shake it violently. The shell may be undamaged while the inner yoke is damaged. The latter represents concussive force.
Facts about the Human Skull
The thickness of the human skull is approximately 3/16 - 5/16”.
"...an impact on a small area of a curved surface, such as the head, will cause greater damage than would be caused were that same impact to occur on a flat surface, such as the back, since there will be a more concentrated point of impact on the head."
emedicine.medscape.com/article/1680107-overview
The skull is made up of 23 bones. The weakest bone is the pterion located in the temporal fossa. The forehead is the strongest bone of the cranium.
The skull fractures at about 1,400 pounds per square inch, roughly the same as a coconut.
beta2.tbo.com/entertainment/television/2009/mar/20/na-sport-science-skull-breaks-like-a-coconut-ar-107074/
Statistics concerning Deaths from Head Trauma
Journal of Combative Sport
From 1890 to 2007 1,335 deaths occurred world-wide in a boxing type format:
14 Toughman style fighters
126 training deaths
293 amateur boxers
923 professional boxers
From 1960 to 2007 there were 421 boxing-related deaths. 80% of the deaths were attributed to head, brain or neck injuries.
The force of a professional boxer's fist is equivalent to being hit with a 13 pound bowling ball traveling 20 miles per hour, about 52 g's